The Role of Histone H3 and H4 in Gene Regulation and Silencing in Budding Yeast: A Mutational Study

Friday, October 28, 2011
Hall 1-2 (San Jose Convention Center)
Ippolito Caradonna , Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
Rohinton Kamakaka, PhD , Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
The histone proteins organize and simultaneously regulate genes in chromosomes. The haploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell contains two copies of each of the four histone genes (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). The SIR (silent information regulator) proteins are necessary for proper transcriptional silencing of genes. They mediate silencing via specific interactions with the histones but the sites of interactions are not fully known. Using a plasmid based genetic screen several mutants were identified in histone H3 and

H4 that overcome a sir3 silencing defect and likely represent amino acid residues involved in Sir-histone interactions. These mutations have been successfully integrated into the yeast genome and display viability in the absence of the wild type copy of the gene. We will determine whether the mutations affect growth and mitotic division and then test the ability of the mutants to suppress sir3  silencing defects.  Finally we will assay for genetic interaction with other histone mutants.

ROY3508 (where one copy of the H3:H4 gene is replaced with URA3) was transformed with DNA fragments containing various mutant H3:H4 gene fragments. Transformants were selected by growth of cells on 5-FOA plates and confirmed using genomic PCR and sequencing. Stable integrants have been generated and these integrations have proven stable. Next we will determine whether the mutants have growth defects and whether they can restore silencing in strains lacking the sir3 protein. The ultimate goal of these experiments is to understand how the Sir proteins interact with the histones to silence the transcription of genes.