Application of SAR, ASTER GDEM, and LandSat Datasets and Various Forms of Imagery to Resolve Geology Bedrock Structure in Areas of Poor Exposure: Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia

In this study, 3D visualization mapping via remote sensing datasets is used to map basic structures and tectonic geomorphic surface features.  3D mapping and structural and geomorphic analysis for this region are compared and evaluated using previous studies and the Kumroch Fault (KF) as a calibrator.  Preceding studies have estimated slip-rates of 2.0 mm/yr to 2.5 mm/yr along the KF, determined over time frames of 14.0 ka to 11.5 ka calibrated ¹⁴C years.  Other slip-rates were determined through tephra and stratigraphic chronologies and are 0.6 mm/yr, determined over time frames of 10.5 ka to 3.2 ka years.  Diffusion-rates were estimated through CSR diffusion modeling based on tephra and stratigraphic chronologies, which range from 0.008 mm/yr to 0.014 mm/yr; and timing of the MRE range from 3.7 ka to 1.4 ka years.  The preferred rupture slip-rate on the KF based on tephra, stratigraphic chronologies and CSR diffusion modeling range from 0.6 mm/yr to 1.0 mm/yr.  Both the KF and the BF are characterized structurally by combined dip-slip normal and sinistral strike-slip motion.  Regional geomorphic evidence points to the conclusion that the KF and BF represent normal faults or sinistral normal oblique-slip faults systems.  This region’s structural geometry has evidence for pull-part basin extension, which suggest that the entire East Kamchatka Fault Zone may move as a transtensive zone, with the normal component particularly significant on the segment of the zone that forms the eastern margin of the Central Kamchatka Depression.